What Is the Difference Between Grammar and Usage

Question: What Is the Difference Between Grammar and Usage? Answer: In the late 1970s, two Canadian educators wrote a spirited, well-informed defense of the teaching of grammar. In Twenty-one Kicks at the Grammar Horse, Ian S. Fraser and Lynda M. Hodson pointed out the weaknesses in research studies that purported to show that teaching grammar to youngsters was a waste of time. Along the way, they offered this clear distinction between two fundamentally different approaches to studying language: We must distinguish between grammar and usage. . . . Each language has its own systematic ways through which words and sentences are assembled to convey meaning. This system is grammar. But within the general grammar of a language, certain alternative ways of speaking and writing acquire particular social status, and become the conventional usage habits of dialect groups.Grammar is the list of possible ways to assemble sentences: usage is a smaller list of the socially preferred ways within a dialect. Usage is trendy, arbitrary, and above all, constantly changing, like all other fashions--in clothing, music, or automobiles. Grammar is the rationale of a language; usage is the etiquette.(The English Journal, December 1978) In any case, as the eminent linguist Bart Simpson once observed, Grammar is not a time of waste. See also: What Is Grammar?What Is the Difference Between Descriptive and Prescriptive Grammar?

Jack Wright Case 7 - 855 Words

Trent Dewberry Corporate Governance Case 7 September 11, 2012 The Board-Management Relationship After almost a full year as a member of the Mega Corporation Board of Directors, Jack Wright felt confident in his assessment of the functionality of the organization. Wright found that the company had a strong balance sheet, several successfully operating businesses, and some other businesses that could be sold. Yet Wright also found that there were several issues that were not being addressed. Wright found that somehow Sam Bigger was keeping John Rock from changing the governance structure of Mega. Bigger’s control of the company is the first barrier towards Mega’s progress as a company. The situation with Sam Bigger is a very common one†¦show more content†¦Wright decided to send Bigger a message without directly confronting him. His plan was to challenge the Executive Compensation Committee report and observe how Bigger reacted. I would not agree with this action, though I believe that the Executive Compensation packages are a big issue and a key component in improving governance functionality and helping the company. John Wright taking a risk of alienating Sam Bigger and creating the appearance that he is attempting to win the board over to his side. I believe that the situation called for a formal discussion, if anything, as a showing of respect for Sam Bigger. At the board meeting in January 2003, John Wright made his first move towards breaking the entrenchment of Mega’s corporate board. Based on his past conversations with Rock, Agee, Lydecker, and Sally Moses, Wright decided to challenge the procedures in place for evaluating and compensating executives. Wright took the floor during the meeting and expressed he was concerned with the procedures. Since operations were not going well, Wright also expressed his concerns regarding the company’s liability risk concerning the processes the company took regarding evaluating and compensating executives. How would they be perceived by the stockholders? This is a clear cut issue for Mega. There exists no performance measure for determining the compensation of executives. There also exists no formalShow MoreRelatedCase: It Wasnt About Race or Was It4439 Words   |  18 Pagesthat we defined three problem statements and therefore, we need to end with three action plans which could be carried out to resolve this conflict. The case takes place in a national accounting firm named Fuller Fentonn. The case incorporates three main person’s Hope Barrows (a white female), Dillon Johnson (a black male), and the Manager Jack. Both the employees Dillon and Hope were well known employees of the company who have become valuable members and assets to the firm. 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Double Consciousness Invisible Man And The Bluest Eye

Double-Consciousness in Invisible Man and The Bluest Eye W.E.B DuBois was a well-known civil rights activists, Pan-Africanist, and a co-founder of the NAACP. Double-consciousness is a phrase coined by DuBois in his novel The Souls of Black Folks in 1903, which describes the idea of double-consciousness as a state of affairs in which an individual is both representative of and immersed in two distinct ways of life. When DuBois introduced this phrase, he was specifically talking about black Americans in the United States who face a double jeopardy of being identified as black and American while having to deal with the injustices of Jim Crow America. Black Americans, unlike their white counterparts, have this internal conflict of having to identify with their ‘black’ culture, which was stripped from them and deemed improper and the American experience, which denied them of their basic human rights through systematic oppression. Black Americans have always dealt with having to see themselves through the perspective of the society they live in and needing to prove their worth in order to obtain a sense of belonging. Ralph Ellison’s Invisible Man and Toni Morrison’s The Bluest Eyes are able to depict the psychological trauma of what double-consciousness does to an individual through the eyes of their main characters who suffer immensely due to their social circumstances. Through racial discontent and self-realization acknowledged in both Ellison s Invisible Man and Morrison’sShow MoreRelatedThe Bluest Eye-Theme of Vision1553 Words   |  7 PagesToni Morrison’s highly acclaimed debut work, The Bluest Eye, is one of unquestionable beauty and intricately woven prose. As a fictional writer, Morrison avails herself of her literary faculties, using her mastery of description in order to convey an unusually lucid picture to the reader. The five senses seem to envelop a great deal of description in the novel, most notably that of sight. As has been discovered by virtue of studying the bra in’s neural and cognitive machinery, vision occupies large

Clarissa And Septimus Essay Research Paper In free essay sample

Clarissa And Septimus Essay, Research Paper In Virginia Woolf? s book, Mrs. Dalloway, Clarissa Dalloway and Septimus Warren Smith turn up under the same societal establishments although societal categories are drawn upon wealth ; it can be conceived that two people may hold really similar sentiments of the society that created them. The English society which Woolf presents persons that are uncannily similar. Clarissa and Septimus portion the quality of showing through actions, non words. Through these basic beliefs and foibles, both characters mimic each other through their actions and ideas, even though they neer meet. Clarissa feels unhappiness and decease around her. There is much modus operandi and wont around her but she still seems disgruntled. At her late age of 50 she sees herself as Mrs. Dalloway, non even Clarissa. She portrays her sense of felicity as something non monstrumental or graniose, but instead rather simple. She can be happy throwing a party, she can get away world: Every clip she gave a party she had this feeling of being something non herself, and that everyone was unreal in one manner ; much more existent in another. We will write a custom essay sample on Clarissa And Septimus Essay Research Paper In or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page ? it was possible to state things you couldn? Ts say anyhow else, things that needed an attempt ; possible to travel much deeper. But non for her ; non yet anyhow. ( Woolf 171 ) Kramer 2 With Septimus, seeing his best friend Evans die at war has been a major injury in his life. His married woman Rezia must invariably take him off from his world and have him concentrate on things non affecting war or him thought of it. Septimus sees beauty in little exanimate things that surround him. Beauty can be seen as a plane that writes in the sky, deciphered but which signifies beauty. Subconsciously, he reveals his demand to be nurtured, but he pulls off from society when he falls ailment and has problem covering with world. Both Septimus and Clarissa are really similar in this mode. Death is perceived as rebelliousness by both characters. Clarissa expresses her belief in reincarnation. She believes if her true ego is non revealed in this life, it will be revealed in the following. She has the belief that everything will work out, finally. Thinking of Septimus? s decease, Clarissa remembers believing before a party, ? If it were to now decease, ? twere now to be most happy? ( Woolf 184 ) . She felt if she was to decease, it was a good point in her life to decease. As for Septimus, he knows of war, decease, and devastation ; he knows that society will non alter and that he can non populate in a universe that can be so compressing. Septimus takes a spring of religion and ends all of his agony in this unforgiving universe ; individualism, Septimus and Clarissa recede into the deepnesss of normalcy. Clarissa accepts this recession, from holding a dream to being simply Mrs. Dalloway. However, he does non, this bottleneck and uniformity propels him out of his sleeping room window to decease. Although Clarissa and Septimus differ in their response to this uniformity, the truth remains that they are both disgruntled. Their dissatisfaction emanates from Kramer 3 their influence from their environing society. Many people wear? t understand what Septimus is traveling through, so they tend to believe severely of him. The physicians he is under attention from are far from assisting and more purpose on roll uping for their service payment. Septimus is non even happy with himself, allow alone his society. He had guilt because he could non experience any longer, non even for his married woman. ? His married woman was shouting, and he felt nil ; merely each clip she sobbed in this profound, this silent, this hopeless manner, he descended another measure into the cavity? ( Woolf 91 ) . With Clarissa, the lone influence of society on her are the parties she has. Though the parties bring felicity to her, after they are over it is back to her normal life that is stale. An of import affair to Clarissa is to be societal with of import people. When her hubby is invited to a brunch with Mrs. Bruton and she is non, she feels disappointed that she was non con sidered or non accepted by a wealthier individual. Though Clarissa and Septimus are non of the same wealth or backround, both characters have a really similar prospective about things around them. Septimus believes decease is an reply to his changeless anguish from the physicians and society. Clarissa relates to his self-destruction as a manner for him to eventually pass on to everyone, particularly his two physicians. Neither Dr. Holmes nor Sir William could authorise his life any longer with their false interventions. In everything that has happened in one twenty-four hours, the cardinal connexion between Septimus and Clarissa was his decease and the English society that both people were subjected to.